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Subunit: Heterodimer; with JUN (By similarity). Interacts with MAFB (By similarity). Component of the SMAD3/SMAD4/JUN/FOS complex required for syngernistic TGF-beta-mediated transcription at the AP1 promoter site. Interacts with SMAD3; the interaction is weak even on TGF-beta activation. Interacts with MAFB. Interacts with DSIPI; this interaction inhibits the binding of active AP1 to its target DNA. Interacts with CDS1 and PI4K2A (By similarity) Developmental stage: Expressed at very low levels in quiescent cells. When cells are stimulated to re-enter growth, they undergo 2 waves of expression, the first one peaks 7.5 minutes following FBS induction. At this stage, the protein is localized endoplasmic reticulum. The second wave of expression occurs at about 20 minutes after induction and peaks at 1 hour. At this stage, the protein becomes nuclear
Function: UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary: FOS_HUMAN, P01100 Function: Nuclear phosphoprotein which forms a tight but non-covalently linked complex with the JUN/AP-1 transcription factor. In the heterodimer, FOS and JUN/AP-1 basic regions each seems to interact with symmetrical DNA half sites. On TGF-beta activation, forms a multimeric SMAD3/SMAD4/JUN/FOS complex at the AP1/SMAD-binding site to regulate TGF-beta-mediated signaling. Has a critical function in regulating the development of cells destined to form and maintain the skeleton. It is thought to have an important role in signal transduction, cell proliferation and differentiation. In growing cells, activates phospholipid synthesis, possibly by activating CDS1 and PI4K2A. This activity requires Tyr-dephosphorylation and association with the endoplasmic reticulum
Similarity: Belongs to the bZIP family. Fos subfamily Contains 1 bZIP (basic-leucine zipper) domain [IMAGE]
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